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jaundice
noun
- a serious disease in which substances not usually in the blood cause your skin and the white part of your eyes to turn yellow
(Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary)
verb/adjective
- a state or feeling of negativity or bitterness arising especially from envy or world-weariness
(American Heritage Dictionary)
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Jaundice is a yellowish pigmentation of the skin and the whites of the eyes caused by increased levels of bilirubin in the blood. Jaundice is often seen in liver disease such as hepatitis or liver cancer. It may also be an indication of gallstones or pancreatic cancer. Yellow discoloration of the skin, especially on the palms and the soles, but not the whites of the eyes is due to carotenemia — a harmless condition that is important to differentiate from jaundice.
The modern English word "jaundice" came to English via the Middle French "jaunisse" (yellowness) and the Latin galbinus, which refers to a light greenish yellow colour. Jaundice is also referred to as icterus, a Latinized form of the Greek ikteros, which to the ancient Greeks signified both jaundice and a "yellow bird."
The ancient treatment for jaundice included the use of yellow birds as a cure, as is described in Pliny the Elder's Naturalis Historia written in AD 77: "There is a bird called jaundice from its color. If one with jaundice looks at it, they are cured of that complaint, and the bird dies."
As a verb or adjective, jaundice can mean having a prejudiced or one-sided view or it can refer to a feeling of bitterness or resentment. This sense of jaundice stems from its relation to "bile," a greenish-yellow fluid secreted by the liver. In ancient and medieval physiology, the four humors of Hippocratic medicine were black bile (Greek melan chole, English melancholy), yellow bile (Greek chole, English choleric), phlegm (Greek phlegm, English phlegmatic) and blood (Latin sanguis, English sanguine). Yellow bile was thought to have caused anger while black bile was alleged to be responsible for melancholy.
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SYNONYMS
(verb, adjective)
biased, prejudiced, narrow-minded
angry, bitter, jealous, sour, resentful
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SMUGGLE OWAD into today's conversation
"Many people have developed a jaundiced view of the financial services sector."